Alexandre de Juniac, head of the IATA, warns that the airlines are running out of money. Help from the states is urgently needed. Just a few weeks ago, the International Air Transport Association (IATA) had a bad feeling. There was not enough money and help was needed - in particular the state had to step in and keep the aviation industry alive. Now things have turned out differently: "Although we have seen some companies go under, it was only a handful," says Brian Pearce, the association's chief economist. An estimated 123 billion US dollars went to struggling carriers. But not all of them could be saved because state aid was distributed extremely unevenly. "It is striking that less help is being given to developing countries," says Pearce. Most of the estimated 123 billion US dollars would go to airlines in North America and Europe - more than 30 percent. Compared to these figures, the share granted to countries such as Brazil, Mexico and South Africa would be less than one percent. This would make it even more difficult for the companies there, which are already weakened, to keep up with the competition or even to stay afloat, as can be seen in the example of Thai Airways. The fact that more than half of the aid would create additional liabilities is also causing concern. This is a criticism of the type of aid. The 67 billion US dollars alone, which were released due to the crisis, would only increase the mountain of debt of the airlines, which would later have to pay back these loans at higher interest rates. Since a recovery in the industry is not expected any time soon, this would be an enormous